remembered for his languid, drug-taking Decadent detective Prince Zaleski, was from Montserrat and was not purely White but tried to hide his ethnic background and, perhaps as overcompensation, took on several of bigotries common to the era, especially against Jews and Asians. Dr. Yen How is one example of Shiel's bigotry. He is a half-Japanese, half-Chinese warlord who connives his way to power in China, unites China and Japan, manipulates the European Great Powers into warring with each other, and then unleashes the armies of Japan and China on the West. Naturally, Dr. Yen How is eventually defeated but through the course of the novel he is presented as a very worthy opponent for the doughty White hero. In 1896 Robert Chambers published a series of stories in The Maker of Moons about a Chinese sorcerer and emperor named Yue-Laou, but entertaining and Yellow Peril-ish though Yue-Laou is, he belongs in the horror fiction tradition rather than mystery and adventure; through previous decades similar evil magician characters, usually depicted as Italian or Egyptian, had appeared. Too, Yue-Laou threatens the world through sorcery rather than through criminal or military means. Between Yen How and Fu Manchu the only significant Yellow Peril character was Quong Lung, who appears in Dr. C.W. Doyle's The Shadow of Quong Lung (1900). Quong Lung is a merciless crime lord and the evil ruler of San Francisco's Chinatown. He is also a Yale graduate and a "barrister of London's Inner Temple." Quong Lung, however, has no higher aims than to rule the underworld of San Francisco, and so is not in the same league as Yen How or Fu Manchu. Neither Kiang Ho nor Yen How started the craze of Yellow Peril characters, however. It was Fu Manchu himself who did that, and Kiang Ho and Yen How must be seen as forerunners rather than influences. It is true that Fu Manchu did not spring from nowhere. Interest (mostly racially biased) in China and the Chinese developed in America and the United Kingdom following the Boxer Rebellion in China (1900), and during [continues]